S&w M&p Shield W/crimson Trace Green Laser Review
| S | |
|---|---|
| Due south s ſ | |
| (Run into below) | |
 | |
| Usage | |
| Writing system | Latin script |
| Type | Alphabetic and Logographic |
| Language of origin | Latin linguistic communication |
| Phonetic usage |
|
| Unicode codepoint | U+0053, U+0073 |
| Alphabetical position | xix |
| History | |
| Development |
|
| Time flow | ~-700 to nowadays |
| Descendants |
|
| Sisters |
|
| Variations | (See below) |
| Other | |
| Other letters commonly used with | southward(x), sh, sz |
Due south, or s, is the nineteenth letter in the Modern English language alphabet and the ISO basic Latin alphabet. Its name in English language is ess [1] (pronounced ), plural esses.[2]
History
Origin
Northwest Semitic šîn represented a voiceless postalveolar fricative /ʃ/ (every bit in 'ship'). It originated most likely as a pictogram of a tooth ( שנא ) and represented the phoneme /ʃ/ via the acrophonic principle.[3]
Aboriginal Greek did not have a /ʃ/ phoneme, so the derived Greek alphabetic character sigma ( Σ ) came to represent the voiceless alveolar sibilant /s/. While the letter of the alphabet shape Σ continues Phoenician šîn, its proper name sigma is taken from the letter samekh, while the shape and position of samekh merely name of šîn is connected in the eleven.[ commendation needed ] Inside Greek, the proper noun of sigma was influenced by its clan with the Greek word σίζω (earlier *sigj- ) "to hiss". The original name of the letter "sigma" may have been san, but due to the complicated early history of the Greek epichoric alphabets, "san" came to be identified as a separate letter, Ϻ.[4] Herodotus reports that "San" was the name given past the Dorians to the same letter called "Sigma" by the Ionians.[5]
The Western Greek alphabet used in Cumae was adopted past the Etruscans and Latins in the seventh century BC, over the following centuries developing into a range of Old Italic alphabets including the Etruscan alphabet and the early Latin alphabet. In Etruscan, the value /s/ of Greek sigma (𐌔) was maintained, while san (𐌑) represented a separate phoneme, most likely /ʃ/ (transliterated as ś). The early Latin alphabet adopted sigma, merely not san, equally Former Latin did non have a /ʃ/ phoneme.
The shape of Latin Southward arises from Greek Σ past dropping ane out of the iv strokes of that letter. The (athwart) S-shape composed of three strokes existed as a variant of the four-stroke letter Σ already in the epigraphy in Western Greek alphabets, and the iii and iv strokes variants existed alongside one some other in the classical Etruscan alphabet. In other Italic alphabets (Venetic, Lepontic), the letter could be represented as a zig-zagging line of any number between 3 and 6 strokes.
The Italic letter was also adopted into Elder Futhark, as Sowilō (ᛊ), and appears with four to viii strokes in the earliest runic inscriptions, but is occasionally reduced to three strokes (ᛋ) from the afterward 5th century, and appears regularly with three strokes in Younger Futhark.
Long southward
Belatedly medieval German script (Swabian bastarda, dated 1496) illustrating the use of long and round s: prieſters tochter ("priest'southward daughter").
The minuscule class ſ, called the long s, adult in the early on medieval period, within the Visigothic and Carolingian easily, with predecessors in the half-uncial and cursive scripts of Late Artifact. It remained standard in western writing throughout the medieval period and was adopted in early printing with movable types. Information technology existed alongside minuscule "round" or "short" s, which was at the fourth dimension only used at the end of words.
In most western orthographies, the ſ gradually cruel out of utilize during the second one-half of the 18th century, although it remained in occasional use into the 19th century. In Spain, the change was mainly accomplished between the years 1760 and 1766. In France, the alter occurred between 1782 and 1793. Printers in the Us stopped using the long due south between 1795 and 1810. In English orthography, the London printer John Bong (1745–1831) pioneered the modify. His edition of Shakespeare, in 1785, was advertised with the claim that he "ventured to depart from the common mode by rejecting the long 'ſ' in favor of the round one, as beingness less liable to error....."[half dozen] The Times of London made the switch from the long to the curt southward with its issue of 10 September 1803. Encyclopædia Britannica'southward 5th edition, completed in 1817, was the last edition to employ the long due south.
In German orthography, long south was retained in Fraktur (Schwabacher) type as well as in standard cursive (Sütterlin) well into the 20th century, and was officially abolished in 1941.[vii] The ligature of ſs (or ſz) was retained, however, giving rise to the Eszett, ß in gimmicky German orthography.
Use in writing systems
The letter ⟨s⟩ is the seventh most common letter in English and the third-virtually common consonant later ⟨t⟩ and ⟨n⟩.[8] Information technology is the most common letter of the alphabet for the beginning alphabetic character of a word in the English linguistic communication.[9] [x]
In English and several other languages, primarily Western Romance ones similar Castilian and French, final ⟨s⟩ is the usual mark of plural nouns. It is the regular catastrophe of English tertiary person present tense verbs.
⟨due south⟩ represents the voiceless alveolar or voiceless dental sibilant /s/ in about languages as well as in the International Phonetic Alphabet. It also ordinarily represents the voiced alveolar or voiced dental sibilant /z/, as in Portuguese mesa (table) or English 'rose' and 'bands', or it may represent the voiceless palato-alveolar fricative [ʃ], as in nigh Portuguese dialects when syllable-finally, in Hungarian, in German (before ⟨p⟩, ⟨t⟩) and some English language words as 'sugar', since yod-coalescence became a dominant feature, and [ʒ], as in English language 'measure out' (also because of yod-coalescence), European Portuguese Islão (Islam) or, in many sociolects of Brazilian Portuguese, esdrúxulo (proparoxytone) in some Andalusian dialects, it merged with Peninsular Spanish ⟨c⟩ and ⟨z⟩ and is at present pronounced [θ]. In some English words of French origin, the letter ⟨s⟩ is silent, as in 'island' or 'debris'. In Turkmen, ⟨south⟩ represents [θ].
The ⟨sh⟩ digraph for English language /ʃ/ arises in Middle English (aslope ⟨sch⟩), replacing the Old English ⟨sc⟩ digraph. Similarly, Old German ⟨sc⟩ was replaced by ⟨sch⟩ in Early on Mod High German orthography.
- ſ : Latin letter long due south, an obsolete variant of s
- ẜ ẝ : Various forms of long s were used for medieval scribal abbreviations[11]
- ẞ ß : German Eszett or "sharp S", derived from a ligature of long s followed by either s or z
- S with diacritics: Ś ś Ṡ ṡ ẛ Ṩ ṩ Ṥ ṥ Ṣ ṣ S̩ s̩ Ꞩ ꞩ Ꟊꟊ[12] Ŝ ŝ Ṧ ṧ Š š Ş ş Ș ș S̈ s̈ ᶊ Ȿ ȿ ᵴ[13] ᶳ[14]
- ₛ : Subscript small s was used in the Uralic Phonetic Alphabet prior to its formal standardization in 1902[15]
- ˢ : Modifier letter pocket-size s is used for phonetic transcription
- ꜱ : Small capital S was used in the Icelandic Commencement Grammatical Treatise to marker gemination[11]
- Ʂ ʂ : S with hook, used for writing Mandarin Chinese using the early draft version of pinyin romanization during the mid-1950s[sixteen]
- Ƨ ƨ : Latin letter reversed S (used in Zhuang transliteration)
- IPA-specific symbols related to S: ʃ ɧ [ citation needed ] ʂ
- Ꞅ ꞅ : Insular S
Derived signs, symbols, and abbreviations
- $ : Dollar sign
- ₷ : Spesmilo
- § : Department sign
- ℠ : Service marker symbol
- ∫ : Integral symbol, short for summation (derived from long southward)
Ancestors and siblings in other alphabets
- 𐤔 : Semitic letter Shin, from which the following symbols originally derive
- Ս : Armenian alphabetic character Se
Computing codes
| Preview | S | s | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Unicode name | LATIN Capital LETTER S | LATIN SMALL LETTER South | ||
| Encodings | decimal | hex | dec | hex |
| Unicode | 83 | U+0053 | 115 | U+0073 |
| UTF-8 | 83 | 53 | 115 | 73 |
| Numeric grapheme reference | S | S | s | s |
| ASCII 1 | 83 | 53 | 115 | 73 |
- 1 Also for encodings based on ASCII, including the DOS, Windows, ISO-8859 and Macintosh families of encodings.
Other representations
Chemical science
The letter of the alphabet S is used:
- In a chemical formula to represent sulfur. For example, SO
two is sulfur dioxide. - In the preferred IUPAC proper name for a chemic, to indicate a specific enantiomer. For example, "(Southward)-two-(4-Chloro-2-methylphenoxy)propanoic acid" is ane of the enantiomers of mecoprop.
Meet also
- Cool S
- See about Ⓢ in Enclosed Alphanumerics
References
- ^ Spelled 'es'- in compound words
- ^ "S", Oxford English language Dictionary, second edition (1989); Merriam-Webster's Third New International Dictionary of the English Linguistic communication, Unabridged (1993); "ess," op. cit.
- ^ "corresponds etymologically (in function, at least) to original Semitic ṯ (th), which was pronounced s in South Canaanite" Albright, W. F., "The Early Alphabetic Inscriptions from Sinai and their Decipherment," Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Enquiry 110 (1948), p. 15. The interpretation as "tooth" is now prevalent, but not entirely certain. The Encyclopaedia Judaica of 1972 reported that the letter represented a "composite bow".
- ^ Woodard, Roger D. (2006). "Alphabet". In Wilson, Nigel Guy. Encyclopedia of ancient Greece. London: Routldedge. p. 38.
- ^ " ...τὠυτὸ γράμμα, τὸ Δωριέες μὲν σὰν καλέουσι ,Ἴωνες δὲ σίγμα " ('...the aforementioned letter, which the Dorians call "San", merely the Ionians "Sigma"...'; Herodotus, Histories 1.139); cf. Nick Nicholas, Non-Attic letters Archived 2012-06-28 at archive.today.
- ^ Stanley Morison, A Memoir of John Bell, 1745–1831 (1930, Cambridge Univ. Printing) page 105; Daniel Berkeley Updike, Printing Types, Their History, Forms, and Use – a study in survivals (second. ed, 1951, Harvard University Printing) page 293.
- ^ Order of 3 January 1941 to all public offices, signed past Martin Bormann. Kapr, Albert (1993). Fraktur: Form und Geschichte der gebrochenen Schriften. Mainz: H. Schmidt. p. 81. ISBN3-87439-260-0.
- ^ "English language Letter Frequency". Archived from the original on 2014-05-23. Retrieved 2014-05-21 .
- ^ "Letter Frequencies in the English Linguistic communication". Retrieved July ii, 2021.
- ^ "Which English Letter of the alphabet Has Maximum Words". June 25, 2012.
- ^ a b Everson, Michael; Bakery, Peter; Emiliano, António; Grammel, Florian; Haugen, Odd Einar; Luft, Diana; Pedro, Susana; Schumacher, Gerd; Stötzner, Andreas (2006-01-30). "L2/06-027: Proposal to add Medievalist characters to the UCS" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 2018-09-nineteen. Retrieved 2018-03-24 .
- ^ Everson, Michael; Lilley, Chris (2019-05-26). "L2/19-179: Proposal for the add-on of four Latin characters for Gaulish" (PDF).
- ^ Constable, Peter (2003-09-xxx). "L2/03-174R2: Proposal to Encode Phonetic Symbols with Middle Tilde in the UCS" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 2017-10-11. Retrieved 2018-03-24 .
- ^ Constable, Peter (2004-04-19). "L2/04-132 Proposal to add together additional phonetic characters to the UCS" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 2017-10-11. Retrieved 2018-03-24 .
- ^ Ruppel, Klaas; Aalto, Tero; Everson, Michael (2009-01-27). "L2/09-028: Proposal to encode additional characters for the Uralic Phonetic Alphabet" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 2017-10-11. Retrieved 2018-03-24 .
- ^ West, Andrew; Chan, Eiso; Everson, Michael (2017-01-16). "L2/17-013: Proposal to encode three uppercase Latin letters used in early Pinyin" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 2018-12-26. Retrieved 2019-03-08 .
External links
Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/S
0 Response to "S&w M&p Shield W/crimson Trace Green Laser Review"
Postar um comentário